In the context of feudalism, what does the term 'homage' refer to?

The term "homage" in the context of feudalism refers specifically to an oath of fealty sworn by vassals. This ceremonial act was a crucial component of the feudal relationship, where a vassal would publicly pledge loyalty and service to a lord in exchange for protection and land. The act of homage signified the vassal's commitment to serve the lord, and it was typically accompanied by a physical gesture, such as kneeling or placing hands together in supplication, underscoring the seriousness of the vow.

This oath established the foundational bond of trust and obligation in feudal society, making it a vital part of the hierarchical structure. In contrast, while military service performed by vassals, land granted to a vassal, and relationships between knights and lords are all significant elements of the feudal system, they do not specifically define 'homage.' Homage stands out as the formal ritual that signified the beginning of the vassal-lord relationship.