What was the main purpose of the First Triumvirate in Roman history?

The main purpose of the First Triumvirate, formed in 60 BCE, was indeed to oppose the Senate and expand the personal influence of its three members: Julius Caesar, Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus (commonly known as Pompey), and Marcus Licinius Crassus. The Triumvirate was an informal alliance that allowed these powerful leaders to circumvent the traditional political structures in Rome, particularly the authority of the Senate. Each member had their own ambitions and goals, and by coming together, they could support one another's agendas and consolidate their power against their political adversaries, particularly the Senate, which often resisted their efforts.

The alliance allowed them to achieve significant military and political successes. For instance, Caesar gained prominence while governing Gaul, Pompey expanded his victories in the East, and Crassus sought glory in the East as well. However, their collaboration was built on mutual need and ambition rather than any formal mechanism, which ultimately led to conflict and the eventual downfall of the Triumvirate and their relationships.

The other options provided do not accurately capture the intentions of the Triumvirate. Establishing a monarchy was not the goal, as they were operating within a republic framework and sought to maintain power without altering